Friday, August 23, 2013

Economic Collapse 2014 ~ Loan Rates, Credit, Personal Debt, Spending Habits, and Banking Industry Practices

Loan Rates, Credit, Personal Debt, Spending Habits, and Banking Industry Practices (2004)



 Consumer debt can be defined as 'money, goods or services provided to an individual in lieu of payment.' Common forms of consumer credit include credit cards, store cards, motor (auto) finance, personal loans (installment loans), consumer lines of credit, retail loans (retail installment loans) and mortgages. This is a broad definition of consumer credit and corresponds with the Bank of England's definition of "Lending to individuals". Given the size and nature of the mortgage market, many observers classify mortgage lending as a separate category of personal borrowing, and consequently residential mortgages are excluded from some definitions of consumer credit - such as the one adopted by the Federal Reserve in the US.

The cost of credit is the additional amount, over and above the amount borrowed, that the borrower has to pay. It includes interest, arrangement fees and any other charges. Some costs are mandatory, required by the lender as an integral part of the credit agreement. Other costs, such as those for credit insurance, may be optional. The borrower chooses whether or not they are included as part of the agreement.

Interest and other charges are presented in a variety of different ways, but under many legislative regimes lenders are required to quote all mandatory charges in the form of an annual percentage rate (APR). The goal of the APR calculation is to promote 'truth in lending', to give potential borrowers a clear measure of the true cost of borrowing and to allow a comparison to be made between competing products. The APR is derived from the pattern of advances and repayments made during the agreement. Optional charges are not included in the APR calculation. So if there is a tick box on an application form asking if the consumer would like to take out payment insurance, then insurance costs will not be included in the APR calculation (Finlay 2009).

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consumer...

To be able to provide home buyers and builders with the funds needed, banks must compete for deposits. The phenomenon of disintermediation had to dollars moving from savings accounts and into direct market instruments such as U.S. Department of Treasury obligations, agency securities, and corporate debt. One of the greatest factors in recent years in the movement of deposits was the tremendous growth of money market funds whose higher interest rates attracted consumer deposits.[16]

To compete for deposits, US savings institutions offer many different types of plans:[16] Passbook or ordinary deposit accounts — permit any amount to be added to or withdrawn from the account at any time. NOW and Super NOW accounts — function like checking accounts but earn interest. A minimum balance may be required on Super NOW accounts. Money market accounts — carry a monthly limit of preauthorized transfers to other accounts or persons and may require a minimum or average balance. Certificate accounts — subject to loss of some or all interest on withdrawals before maturity. Notice accounts — the equivalent of certificate accounts with an indefinite term. Savers agree to notify the institution a specified time before withdrawal. Individual retirement accounts (IRAs) and Keogh plans — a form of retirement savings in which the funds deposited and interest earned are exempt from income tax until after withdrawal. Checking accounts — offered by some institutions under definite restrictions. All withdrawals and deposits are completely the sole decision and responsibility of the account owner unless the parent or guardian is required to do otherwise for legal reasons. Club accounts and other savings accounts — designed to help people save regularly to meet certain goals.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banking_...

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